In order to achieve competitive system costs in massproduction, it is essential that cpv concentrators incorporate sufficient manufacturing tolerances. Both phase space and vector flux representation for. Addresses applications ranging from solar energy concentration to illumination engineering. In this monograph, the basic practical applications of the techniques of nonimaging optics to solar energy collection and concentration are developed and explained. Different designs have been presented to achieve high concentration and uniformity for the concentrated photovoltaic cpv system. Nonimaging optics departs from the methods of traditional optical design by instead developing techniques for maximizing the collecting power of illumination elements and systems. For example, if the right hand side of the sun is reflected to the left hand side of the receiver, the image of the sun is not preserved while the total energy incident on the aperture of the concentrator is additive.
Welford pdf, epub ebook d0wnl0ad high collection nonimaging optics covers the many developments and the wider range of applications of nonimaging optics. A thermodynamic model which explains quantitatively the enhancement of effective absorptance of gray body receivers through cavity effects was developed. Luminescent and nonimaging optical concentration constitute two fundamentally different ways of collecting and intensifying light. Solar thermal energy ste is a form of energy and a technology for harnessing solar energy to generate thermal energy or electrical energy for use in industry, and nonimaging optics is a subdiscipline of optics whose development over the last 3540 years was led by scientists from the university of chicago and other cooperating individuals and institutions. Download or read solar energy book by clicking button below to visit the book download website. He is the inventor of the compound parabolic concentrator cpc, used in solar energy, astronomy, and illumination.
Nonimaging optics is a subdiscipline of optics whose development over the last 3540 years was led by scientists from the university of chicago and other cooperating individuals and institutions. Introduction to nonimaging optics 2nd edition julio. The reader is introduced to the principles, theories, and advantages of nonimaging optics from the standpoint of concentrating sunlight the solar concentrator idea. This book is organized into 11 chapters that emphasize the application of nonimaging optics to concentrators for solar energy. This perspective may be expanded into the information theory and phase space quantification of etendue. Fundamentals and techniques of nonimaging optics for solar. Nonimaging optical gain in luminescent concentration through. He is the inventor of the compound parabolic concentratorcpc, a breakthrough technology in solar energy.
Light trapped within luminescent solar concentrators lscs is naturally limited in angular extent by the total internal reflection critical angle. There are multiple format available for you to choose pdf, epub, doc. Nonimaging optics and solar laser pumping at the weizmann. The contents follow a systems approach that is absent in standard handbooks of optics or solar energy. Pdf download high collection nonimaging optics free. Pdf nonimaging optics is the theory of thermodynamically efficient optics. Nonimaging designs exceed the concentration attainable with focusing techniques by factors of four or more and approach the theoretical limit ideal concentrators. Other impossible conditions are converting heat to work with 100% efficiency and so on. Light and solar energy, author welford, w t and winston, r, abstractnote the optical principles for designing nonimaging concentrator are described in detail. Nonimaging optics in solar energy synthesis lectures on. Oct 28, 2015 high collection nonimaging optics by w. Nonimaging fresnel lenses design and performance of. Nonimaging optics in solar energy everything about solar. The topics of the article include a description of nonimaging concentrators, the uses of nonimaging optics in high energy physics, the edgeray and the geometric vectorflux concentrators, design of solar concentrators, applications for the nonimaging concentrators in solar.
Nonimaging optics in solar energy electronic resource in. His expertise is with vacuum devices, nonimaging optics and solar thermal and hybrid systems, solar cooling, and solar desalination. Aug 25, 2015 the project team of university of california at merced ucm, gas technology institute, and dr. J ogallagher nonimaging optics is a subdiscipline of optics whose development over the last 3540 years was led by scientists from the university of chicago and other cooperating individuals and institutions.
Posted on august, 20 in nonimaging optics in solar energy the approach is based on simple geometry and the optical characteristics of cpcs. We shall give a thermodynamic argument in the context of solar energy. Nonimaging optics in luminescent solar concentration. Features a new and intuitive introduction with a basic description of the advantages of nonimaging opticsadds new chapters on wavefronts for a prescribed output irradiance or intensity, infinitesimal etendue optics generalization of the aplanatic optics, and kohler optics and color.
Roland winston is a leading figure in the field of nonimaging optics and its applications to solar energy, and is sometimes termed the father of nonimaging optics. The applicability of non imaging concentrators for solar thermal devices and laser pumping in a central receiver facility is discussed. Nonimaging optics in solar energy everything about solar energy. He is also a former guggenheim fellow, past head of the university of chicago department of physics, a member of the. Technology, science, and society, morgan and claypool, 2008 solar concentrating and storage architectonics jh goodman nov. This paper presents an advanced concentrator optic comprising a fresnel lens and a refractive secondary element, both with broken rotational symmetry, an optic producing both the desired light concentration with high tolerance high acceptance. Pdf nonimaging optics is the theory of thermodynamically efficient optics and as such, depends more on thermodynamics than on optics.
He is also a guggenheim fellow, a franklin institute medalist, past head of the university of chicago department of physics, and a member of the founding faculty of. The relatively young field of nonimaging optics is an ideal tool for designing optimized solar energy collectors and illumination optics and holds great promise in the development of solid state lighting applications. We shall give a thermodynamic argument in the context of solar energy concentration. The properties of a variety of new and previously known nonimaging optical configurations were investigated.
Nonimaing concentrators were used to achieve high concentration for improving performance efficiency and. High collection nonimaging optics covers the many developments and the wider range of applications of nonimaging optics. Nonimaging optics in solar energy fb2 site nygegobi. Concentration of sunlight to solarsurface levels using non. An ultralowcost solar photovoltaicthermal pvt collector using aluminum minichannels and nonimaging optics paper 1149522 authors. The goals are 1 to fill the field of view of the cpc as much as possible and 2 to identify those design factors. Dec 06, 2012 which you will get, mostly in terms of nonimaging optics, complete with test results, and set against the competition of imaging fresnel lenses and mirrorbased imaging and nonimaging concentrators. Dec 19, 2017 addresses applications ranging from solar energy concentration to illumination engineering introduction to nonimaging optics, second edition invites newcomers to explore the growing field of nonimaging optics, while providing seasoned veterans with an extensive reference book. The term nonimaging optics is concerned with applications where imaging formation is not important but where effective and efficient collection, concentration, transport and distribution of light energy is i. Osa high performance fresnelbased photovoltaic concentrator. This article examines the collecting and intensifying of solar radiation by means of nonimaging concentrators.
The first chapters briefly explain the optics of solar energy concentra tors. Which you will get, mostly in terms of nonimaging optics, complete with test results, and set against the competition of imaging fresnel lenses and mirrorbased imaging and nonimaging concentrators. The proof is based on the impossibility of certain conditions, for example heat flows from a cold body to a warm body free cooling is 0 but i cool while you warm up. This text begins with discussions on the development of formalisms in nonimaging optics, specifically in the use of geometrical vector flux concept, which have led to entirely different concentrator designs. Nonimaging optics aims to provide the widest possible acceptance. The classic method of liu and jordan, which allows one to predict the diffuse sunlight levels through correlation with the total and. It has produced and continued to produce innovations in particle science, illumination, cosmic ray measurement, solar concentration. Osa nonimaging optics in luminescent solar concentration. Roland winston is a leading figure in the field of nonimaging optics and its applications to solar energy. Work was done to extend the previously developed geometrical vector flux formalism with the goal of applying it to the analysis of nonideal concentrators. Whereas nonimaging concentrators based on reflective, refractive, or diffractive optics operate most effectively for collimated light, luminescent concentrators lcs rely on absorption, reemission, and waveguiding to concentrate diffuse light incident from any. Addresses applications ranging from solar energy concentration to illumination engineering introduction to nonimaging optics, second edition invites newcomers to explore the growing field of nonimaging optics, while providing seasoned veterans with an extensive reference book. Introduction to nonimaging optics, second edition invites newcomers to explore the growing field of nonimaging optics, while providing seasoned veterans with an extensive reference book.
A novel absorptivereflective solar concentrator for heat and. Nonimaging optics in solar energy joseph ogallagher. Download citation nonimaging optics in solar energy nonimaging optics is a subdiscipline of optics whose development over. Here, we use rigorous raytracing simulations to explore the potential of this concept for realistic. Historically, nonimaging optics that work as ideal concentrators have been discovered through such heuristic ideas as edge ray involutes, string method, simultaneous multiple surface, and tailored edge ray concentrator, without a. From its inception nearly 30 years ago, the optical subdiscipline now referred to as nonimaging optics, has experienced dramatic growth. The formalism for designing a wide variety of concentrator types, such as the compound parabolic concentrator and its many embodiments and variations, is presented.
The most commonly used technology that leverages nonimaging optics is the compound parabolic concentrator cpc. Journal of daylighting open access energy journals. Introduction to nonimaging optics chaves, julio download. As is wellknown, the solar spectrum fits a black body at 5670 k almost 10,000 degrees fahrenheit now a black body absorbs radiation at all wavelengths, and it follows from thermodynamics that its spectrum the planck spectrum1 is uniquely specified by temperature. Development of fresnelbased concentrated photovoltaic. Nonimaging fresnel lenses design and performance of solar. Most of the designs have issues of low efficiency in terms of irradiance uniformity.
If you are a solar energy professional, you are likely to be interested in reading why nonimaging optics and solar energy cobection go together so web. Nonimaging optics also called anidolic optics is the branch of optics concerned with the optimal transfer of light radiation between a source and a target. Nonimaging devices substantially outperform conventional imaging lenses and mirrors in these applications, approaching the theoretical. Head of solar optics design and mathematical modeling unit. Hybrid solar collector using nonimaging optics and. The approach provides a formalism that allows the design of optical devices that approach the maximum physically attainable geometric concentration for a given set of optical tolerances. Introduction to nonimaging optics books pics download new.
Nonimaging optics is the theory of thermodynamically efficient optics and as such, depends more on thermodynamics than on optics. The techniques of nonimaging optics are particularly valuable in space or lunar environments in which the use of solar thermal energy has obvious advantages. To this end, we present a design methodology to increase irradiance uniformity over. Using static concentrator technology to achieve global energy goal. Nonimaging optics takes the perspective of optics based on the energy and thermodynamic perspective. Optical design and characterization of solar concentrators for. Download citation nonimaging optics in solar energy nonimaging optics is a subdiscipline of optics whose development over the last 3540 years was led by scientists from the university of. Unlike traditional imaging optics, the techniques involved do not attempt to form an image of the source. The project team of university of california at merced ucm, gas technology institute, and dr. Refractive integrated nonimaging solar collectors citeseerx. This fully updated, revised, and expanded second edition.